lauantai 7. maaliskuuta 2015

IAR 80

IAR 80 oli romanialainen hävittäjälentokone toisessa maailmansodassa. Se oli yksipaikkainen, alatasoinen ja metallirakenteinen kone, joka sodan alussa vastasi suoritusarvoiltaan muita uudenaikaisia hävittäjiä.

Koneesta kehitettiin tehokkaampia ja paremmin aseistettuja malleja, sekä hävittäjäpommittajaversio IAR 81, mutta sodan loppuvaiheessa siitä ei ollut enää vastusta kehittyneemmille hävittäjille. 
10. kesäkuuta 1944 yhteensä 94 Yhdysvaltain armeijan ilmavoimien P-38 Lightning-hävittäjää tuki pommikoneita hyökkäyksessään Ploestin öljykenttää vastaan. 
56 Romanian IAR 80-hävittäjää hyökkäsi suojahävittäjien kimppuun ja ampui niistä alas 23 kappaletta.

Koneen ainoa käyttäjä oli Romanian ilmavoimat, jonka vahvuudesta se poistettiin vuonna 1949. Toisen tiedon mukaan sosialistisen Romanian tasavallan ilmavoimat käyttivät IAR 80 ja 81 koneita 1950-luvun alkuun asti kaksipaikkaiseksi modifioituina koulukoneina.
----------------
General characteristics
Crew: one, pilot
Length: 8.97 m (29 ft 5 in)
Wingspan: 11 m (36 ft 1 in)
Height: 3.535 m (11 ft 7 in)
Wing area: 17 m² (183 ft²)
Empty weight: 2,200 kg (4,850 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 2980 kg (6,570 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × IAR K14-1000A air-cooled 14-cylinder double-row radial, 764 kW (1,025 hp)
Maximum speed: 560 km/h (300 knots, 347 mph) at 7,000 m (at 22,965 ft) fully loaded with bomb attached
Range: 730 km (394 nm, 454 mi) on internal fuel only; 1330 km (718 nm, 826 mi) with extra fuel tanks
Service ceiling: 10,000 m (32,800 ft)
Wing loading: 132.35 kg/m² (27.1 lb/ft²)
Armament: 2 × 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon and 4 × 7.92 mm FN machine guns mounted in the inner portion of the wing
Bombs: one 225 kg (500 lb) bomb under the fuselage
---------------------------------
IAR 80 / 81 Full story

                             10.6.1944  IAR-80 vs P-38, shot down 23 P-38 plane



The IAR 80 was a Romanian World War II low-wing, monoplane, all-metal monocoque fighter and ground-attack aircraft. When it first flew, in 1939, it was comparable to contemporary designs such as the German Messerschmitt Bf 109B, the British Hawker Hurricane Mk.I, and the American Curtiss P-40B/Tomahawk Mk.I and superior to the Dutch Fokker D.XXI and Polish PZL P.24. Production problems and lack of available armament delayed entry of the IAR 80 into service until 1941. 
It remained in front-line use until 1944

In order to ensure that the Royal Romanian Air Force (ARR) could continue to be supplied with aircraft in time of war, the government subsidized the creation of three major aircraft manufacturers in the 1920s and 1930s. 

The first was Societatea pentru Exploatări Tehnice (SET) which was formed in Bucharest in 1923. 

Next came Industria Aeronautică Română (IAR) which set up shop in Braşov in 1925. Finally there was Intreprinderea de Construcţii Aeronautice Romaneşti (ICAR), which was founded in Bucharest in 1932.
In 1930 the Romanian government issued specifications for a new fighter. Although the government was not anticipating bids from its own aircraft industry, IAR produced several prototypes in response to the tender.

The contract was eventually won by the Polish PZL P.11. The FARR purchased 50 of a modified version called the P.11b, all of which were delivered in 1934. A second contest was also fought between the newer IAR.14 and PZL P.24 designs, and once again the PZL design won a contract for another 50 aircraft.
Although IAR's own designs had not entered production, they nevertheless won the contracts to build PZLs and Gnome-Rhone 14K engines under license. As a result of these and other license contracts the company had enough money to fund a design shop even if its designs never saw production.


Despite losing to PZL, an IAR design team led by Dr. Ion Grosu continued work on fighter designs. He was convinced that the low wing design of the IAR.24 represented a better design than the PZL gull-wing design, which was often referred to as the "Polish wing". Once again the team studied the new PZL fighter looking to incorporate its best features into a new aircraft, and the result was the IAR.80.

2 kommenttia:

  1. Kappas vaan...minultakin, vaikka asioita olen tutkinut ja lukenut, on tälläinen romanialainen episodi eli IAR 80 jäänyt huomioimatta!

    VastaaPoista
    Vastaukset
    1. Moi, Illu.
      Kiitos mielenkiinnostasi.
      Tälläinen sattui silmiin joskus 5 v taaksepäin ja nyt julkaisin sen vihdoin

      Poista

Kaikenlaiset kommentit ovat tervetulleita.